Kidney Failure Treatment More Condition_symptoms

Well, it turns out that I have been selected (to move to the next round ¬ ¬ U) by sam_bluesky to do this little meme, and although I am not doing a lot of these that we ean on-line tests, as sencillito gives me time to do it: P

Name seven songs you love right now, regardless of gender, if they have lyrics, even though they are gruesome, it is important that you like. Post these instructions in your journal with a list of seven songs. Then, appointing seven people for them to do the meme so you can see why listen.

In no particular order, and a link to Youtube for vi- Bleach OP 4 7 .- Where

- Chronicles of Narnia OST [and yet I have not seen the movie ... fouling you an AMV of FFX] Now the problem will be the tageados xD If you repeat any of those of Sam, to do so once enough ¬ ¬ U:

akai
,
sango_ ,

chibiyuuto ,

marsha_theturk hasdiel , rinisama , Xesu .

Se Puede Covertir Sdhc En Sd Science (V): Sometimes, it is child care

I know, been ages since I updated, pro well, better late than never ^ ^ U is that seeing the pictures of Marsha me depressed and makes me want to do something to give me good instead of trying to draw something decent. .. Shoemaker to your shoes ¬ ¬ U

This time, we will discuss a headline that appeared not ask me where in the newspapers, and that is the least shocking:

As usual, better to go for parties to address the issue

1. Chromosomeseach pair of homologous chromosomes was marked with a different fluorescent color (you can play scrambled matched in the right ¬ ¬ U). There is a special pair of chromosomes: the so-called sex chromosomes . These chromosomes, known as "X

" and "

And " are precisely those that determine the sex of the person. -

XX

: You have two X chromosomes (the father and one mother) = female - & amp; nbsp;

XY: It has an X chromosome from the mother and father and the male = [E]: It should be mentioned that, in fact, in both cases there is only active X chromosome. In women, one of the two, at random, is inactivated by a mechanism called gene dosage compensation (because if not, women have twice been active genes in the DNA of the X chromosome could be harmful.) There are also rare cases related to gene dosage, such as trisomy 21 (Down syndrome), but caused by a wrong number on the sex chromosomes: XXX, XXY, etc, leading to various diseases (Klin syndromeefelter, Edwards ...).

Since we have two copies of different chromosomes, we can say we have, for each gene that is in our DNA, two equivalent copies (of the father and mother). Each of the different copies of a gene in the different maternal or paternal chromosomes called allele. With this, for a given feature, we have two options:

1)

If the individual is homozygous for a gene

, has received two identical alleles , the father and mother.
2) &itos (the term egg is wrong ... but I begin to use to ya, because if there is a mess) and sperm, the male and female sex cells, respectively, instead of the normal process of mitosis occurs a special kind of cell division called meiosis . In this process, rather than generated 2 daughter cells identical to those from cells are generated daughter cells

4 (eggs or sperm, as appropriate) with half of chromosomes as the cells those originating: 23 each.

This is particularly relevant in the case of X and Y chromosomes While all ova l MLXC Although many everyday illnesses are caused by bacteria or viruses, there is another group of diseases, hereditary calls, which are caused by a mutation, replication problem, or chromosomal abnormality and therefore affect genetic material and will be passed to offspring. However, he found a man who investigated with peas ¬ ¬ U, there are two basic types of inheritance, in case of illness such as perfectly normal for characters:

a)

;

Dominant: The trait is always displayed on the next generation. Only rewhich contains the allele "a" , since each contains only one homologous chromosome and the male sperm will "A" and sperm with "a" . Depending on which egg is combined with what sperm have different possibilities, four in particular: note that 3 of these 4 possibilities include the dominant allele of the widow's peak, "A" and one does not include (the homozygous recessive "aa"). That is, with a probability of ¾ = 75% of the couple's children will also have the widow's peak, as we have said that was dominant and we had a single allele would be enough to us. However, with a probability of ¼ = 25%, the shoot NOpresent the widow's peak (the individual "aa"). 4. The case of haemophilia

This disease presents a curious legacy, and will allow you to link everything explained so far. As you know, the hemophilia is characterized by the inability of the affected blood clot well, so that the risk of bleeding from injuries that in normal individuals would not be problematic is very high. Specifically, the problem is in the gene for one of the enzymes responsible for blood clotting, and is different to the type of hemophilia that is. For example, in the case of hemophilia A, andIGAD and recessive sex. That is, to have a healthy chromosome, the dominant consideration, the effect of dysfunctional factor VIII which has the X chromosome sick is supplemented with another, and that she can grow normally. However, it is said to be carrier of the disease. Take for example the couple in question has had a child. In the form of family tree or pedigree, we have the following (the red circle indicates the carrier):

Okay. Now, our carrier is arrejuntarse a perfectly normal man. Here are the new possibilities that can occur in the offspring:

a)

perfectly healthy girl (homozygous dominant, 1 / 4 = 25%) and female carrier (heterozygous dominant, 1 / 4 = 25 %).

b) Chico

perfectly healthy. (1 / 4 = 25%)

c)

engine stops! The boy has left healthy Y chromosome (father's), and a sick X chromosome that has given her mother the carrier. Do you remember why her mother, despite having an X d -

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

-

Blindness (green and red)

- fragile X syndrome -

Duchenne muscular dystrophy - Wiscott-Aldrich Syndrome - Etc.

take this opportunity to mention that, in the case of blood relations (as in royal houses or animals in limited stocks), for phenomena such as we have seen, recessive traits, which were as hidden, eventually coming to light. Sometimes these recessive traits are pulling neutral (as the case of the absence of the widow's peak), but in others, as in the case of hemophilia, are clearly harmful. Hence the biological importance (apart from the moral and ethical can be or not) to avoid inbreeding.

[E]:

Nobody thinks that no women hemophilic! For it is, that woman must inherit two defective X chromosomes. The only scenario where this is possible is to have children a hemophiliac with a carrier, yet only 25% of shoots with both X XX would be incorrect.

5. A what we

No, I have not forgotten the holder with which we opened this post ^ ^ U Typically, if you select the sex is so that our son will not suffer the disease, so they would not our grandchildren suffer. However, in the case of linked diseasesX chromosomes are larger than the Y, so that using devices ( type flow cytometer-cell sorter ) to accurately detect differences in DNA content of sperm is possible to separate us. Later, making a vitro fertilization with sperm "Y" on the couple's eggs, and implanting the embryo back into the uterus, we make sure the child is a child, and obviously do not suffer because of hemophilia inherits an X chromosome from the mother (which is both healthy), and the Y chromosome of the father (which, although ill, falling on his X chromosome).

We have the example of hemophilia, but similar strategies